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Act on protection of health against harmful effects of addictive substances: Development of narative of competing frames in media discourse
Lipková, Simona ; Nekola, Martin (advisor) ; Hejzlarová, Eva (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the development of tobacco control legislation with the main focus on the Act on protection of health against harmful effects of addictive substances with accent on smoking regulation in restaurants. The main line of this thesis is to determine the competing rhetorical frameworks and the main actors representing the individual frameworks which they present on the level of arguments and then to compare the development of narrative over time. At this level, the thesis focuses on the analysis of the presented rhetorical frameworks with the aim of discussing possible specific attributes that facilitated the process of reframing opposition actors, namely using the rhetorical strategy of narrative attributes of storytelling, technical terms, imagery or comparison. These goals were achieved by using a qualitative analysis of media outcomes and by using public policy documents, legal standards and other relevant documents. Theoretical support for answering the set forth questions was a frame analysis, which was conceptualized on the field of public policy by Rein and Schön along with the theory of social construction of target population conceptualized by Schneider and Ingram. In this thesis, written under the auspices of the case study, four main competing frames were...
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Impact of smoke-free laws on hospitality businesses in the European perspective
Simpartl, Josef ; Janský, Petr (advisor) ; Haas, Emma (referee)
Ever since smoke-free laws regarding the hospitality business were proposed, there was an argument that these policies were going to harm their revenues and employment. This bachelor thesis examines this argument in the European context. The examination is divided into three parts. First, it aims to distinguish between effects of two distinctive forms of smoke-free laws. Second, it analyzes the impact of smoke-free policies over time. Third, it attempts to assess differences of their impact based on regional or socio-economic differences. Using difference-in-differences analysis of administrative annual data from Eurostat database, this thesis does not find any permanent effect of smoke-free laws on revenues or employment of hospitality businesses. The results of the analysis also show, that if there was any significant impact throughout the first years of the smoke-free law's validity, it was always short-lasting. Still, the over time impacts of the individual forms of smoke-free laws differ. In case of a partial smoke-free law, there is a statistically significant negative impact on turnover immediately after its implementation and a positive impact on employment in the third and fourth year after its implementation. The complete smoking ban does not exhibit any statistically significant impact at all. In...
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Act on protection of health against harmful effects of addictive substances: Development of narative of competing frames in media discourse
Lipková, Simona ; Nekola, Martin (advisor) ; Hejzlarová, Eva (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the development of tobacco control legislation with the main focus on the Act on protection of health against harmful effects of addictive substances with accent on smoking regulation in restaurants. The main line of this thesis is to determine the competing rhetorical frameworks and the main actors representing the individual frameworks which they present on the level of arguments and then to compare the development of narrative over time. At this level, the thesis focuses on the analysis of the presented rhetorical frameworks with the aim of discussing possible specific attributes that facilitated the process of reframing opposition actors, namely using the rhetorical strategy of narrative attributes of storytelling, technical terms, imagery or comparison. These goals were achieved by using a qualitative analysis of media outcomes and by using public policy documents, legal standards and other relevant documents. Theoretical support for answering the set forth questions was a frame analysis, which was conceptualized on the field of public policy by Rein and Schön along with the theory of social construction of target population conceptualized by Schneider and Ingram. In this thesis, written under the auspices of the case study, four main competing frames were...
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Smoking ban: A data analysis of sales
Luu Danh, Tiep ; Polák, Petr (advisor) ; Smutná, Šarlota (referee)
1 Abstract Smoking ban and VAT Fiscalization are the two most recent acts that were causing a nuisance for hospitality industry. In this thesis, the effect of the smoking ban on the restaurant sales is analyzed. The analysis research, whether sales were significantly affected based on monthly Czech Statistical Office time series and on daily VAT Fiscalization time series. That way, not only the smoking ban is inspected, but also the potential benefit of VAT Fiscalization as a data sampling tool for policy evaluation is taken into the question. JEL Classification C54, C81 Keywords Smoking ban, Sales, VAT fiscalization, Czech Statistical office, Time Series Analysis Title Smoking ban: A data analysis of sales Author's e-mail tiep.luud@gmail.com Supervisor's e-mail polakpet@gmail.com Abstrakt Zákon o ochraně před návykovými látky, ve kterém je také obsažen zákaz kouření v restauracích a barech, a zákon o elektronické evidenci tržeb jsou dva nejnovější zákony, které způsobují dle slov podnikatelů nemalé komplikace v pohostinství. V této tezi se budeme zabývat, zda zákaz kouření ovlivňuje signifikantně tržby pohostinských zařízení na základě měsíční časové řady z Českého statistického úřadu a na denní časové řady shromážděné EET sys- témem. Tím nejen prozkoumáme zákaz kouření, ale také zjistíme, zda by se EET...
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The Process of approval of laws in the Czech Republic
Jabůrek, Lukáš ; Švec, Kamil (advisor) ; Brunclík, Miloš (referee)
This research looks at the process of law approval in the Czech Republic in practice. This covers law proposal, appproval and implementation. The public views the process of approval and discussion in the Chamber of Deputies as protracted and inefficient resulting in postponing of some important laws. This research therefore aims to find which means the deputies especially the Members of Parliament, can use to influence the process of law approval and to what extent they actually use them. In relation to the main research question the theoretical part will focus on detailed analysis of the Constitution of the Czech Republic. In particular the part which explains the law approval process and competence of deputies The literature will also include the Rules of Procedure of the Chamber of Deputies. The analytical part will be dedicated to 3 specific examples of law approval (from the election period 2013-2017), its progress, amendatory proposals and voting in the Chamber of Deputies. It will possibly also mention reactions of the Senate and the President of the Czech Republic. In all 3 instances the research will try to answer the research question and summarise how the deputies use their competence in practice and how they influence the law approval process. Finally, practical suggestions which...
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Econometric analysis of dependence beer’s consumption on smoke-free law
Sukup, Vojtěch ; Zouhar, Jan (advisor) ; Polonyankina, Tatiana (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to find out whether there is some dependence between beer consumption and smoke-free law in 41 countries of Europe and adjacent areas in the period from 1998 to 2012 using econometric analysis. The thesis is divided into theoretical part with methodology and practical part. The empirical part is processed by the StataCorp software program STATA. Due to the nature of the database, it is necessery work with them as panel database. These are different from cross-section and time series data. In the STATA program, models OLS, GLS, LDSV, GEE and more, are designed to work with panel data. In the final phase of my work I choose the best model and interpret its values. The intended objective of the work was achieved because the smoke-free law in all models had a negative effect on the consumption of beer.
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Communication of social change: case study of the campaign Smoking in restaurants bothers people
Slíž, Miroslav ; Hejlová, Denisa (advisor) ; Orban, Karol (referee)
The communication project "Changing the paradigm: Smoking in restaurants bothers people" is described in this bachelor thesis. Its goal was social change according to the theory of social marketing by Philip Kotler. The aim was to change the social, media and political discourse on smoking in restaurants and help to ban smoking in restaurants. Our activities disrupted the spiral of silence by Noelle-Neumann and create a communication framework: smoking in restaurants bothers people. This communication project was set into a broader context by analyzing the basic aspects of tobacco communication in history. The role of Edward L. Bernays and his legendary contribution in the form of torches of freedom was described. It is also focused on aspects of current anti-smoking campaigns on the example of Australia, which can be described as anti-smoking world power. Before the project itself is described, the situation in the Czech Republic in the field of anti-smoking campaigns was summarized. The project has not reached its imaginary victory in the form of the adoption of the smoking ban in restaurants, but it significantly changed the perception of the issue for Czech public and general media discourse. The project was awarded in the eighth year of the Czech award for public relations in two categories...
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Smoking as a part of the process of socialization
Lacina, Petr ; Tuček, Milan (advisor) ; Kuchař, Pavel (referee)
Nowadays is smoking still tolerated social phenomen in this country, despite belongs to the biggest killer in a human history and every day year die 5 milion people for this. Especially dangerous is smoking among young people, because they aren't grown up physical or mentally and therefore is smoking for them so dangerous. 78% of the adult smokers, started smoke before sixteen. In this paper I present the statistics from actual researches and additional analyses of smokers. In comparison with other european states is Czech republic on the second places in number of young smokers. The influence of social environment is crucial for if people started smoke or not. The government should protect smokers and non-smokers due to the effect of smoking in public places. In the Czech has tobacco industry strong position and there is no political will to change it although people want it.
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Analysis of the consumption tax on tobacco products
Chylík, Jakub ; Zídková, Hana (advisor) ; Tecl, Jan (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is realistic evaluation of smoking ban impact and increasing tax rates on tobacco products and state tax revenue on tobacco products. In the first chapter you find basic information about taxation of tobacco products in the Czech republic and also european directives in chronological order. The second chapter is focused on selected states of the EU and it describes historical evolution together with tax rate and tax revenues. More specifically, we find here detailed information about Austria, Hungary and France. The last chapter is based on analysing the gathered data and information. It is mainly the analysis of growing tax rates on tobacco products and observing trends after the introduction of smoking bans in selected states of the EU. The result of this analysis should be finding if increasing tax rates on tobacco products and introducing smoking bans affect tax revenues.
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